Commission approves €1.7 billion German State aid scheme to support rail freight transport operators providing single and group wagon transport

€1.7 billion German State aid

The European Commission has approved, under EU State aid rules, a €1.7 billion German scheme to support rail freight operators in single and group wagon transport. The measure will contribute to ensuring that the rail freight sector remains competitive while preserving the environmental performance of rail, in line with the objectives of the Commission's Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy and of the European Green Deal.

The German measure

Germany notified the Commission of its intention to introduce a €1.7 billion scheme to support rail freight operators of single and group wagon transport services. The aim of the scheme is to help rail operators cover part of the high operating cost. In doing so, the scheme aims to support and preserve the modal shift from road to rail transport, thus promoting a greener means of transport.

In single wagon load transport, individual wagons or groups of wagons from different consignors are bundled together to form one train. On the contrary, wagon group transport keeps the same composition from the origin to the destination and is eligible under the scheme for journeys up to a maximum distance of 300 km if operated by short block trains with up to 15 wagons. Both types of transport struggle to reach economic viability. Single wagon load transport entails high costs due to its complex and multi-step nature resulting from the switching and shunting of wagons. Wagon group transport operated by short block trains does not benefit from economies of scale due to the lower number of wagons and the short distances they serve.

Under the scheme, the aid will take the form of direct grants. The maximum annual budget amounts to €320 million, with an overall budget of €1.7 billion over the five-year duration of the scheme. The scheme will run until 2029.

The Commission's assessment

The Commission assessed the measure under EU State aid rules, in particular Article 93 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (‘TFEU') on transport coordination, and the 2008 Guidelines on State aid for railway undertakings. The Commission found that:

• The scheme is beneficial for the environment and mobility, as it supports segments of rail freight transport, which is less polluting than road transport and decreases road congestion.
• The measure is necessary and appropriate to achieve the objective pursued, namely to support and preserve the modal shift from road to rail transport segments which face high operating costs.
• The scheme is proportionate, i.e. limited to the minimum necessary, as the aid remains below the maximum thresholds set out in the Railway Guidelines.
• The aid is limited to reducing the competitive disadvantages faced by rail freight transport compared to road transport. Therefore, the measure will not have undue negative effects on competition and trade in the EU.

On this basis, the Commission approved the German scheme under EU State aid rules.

Background

Article 93 of the TFEU enables Member States to support the coordination of transport including for urban transport. The 2008 Railway Guidelines set out the conditions under which aid to railway companies may be considered compatible with the internal market and State aid rules, in particular on the basis of Article 93 TFEU.

Today's decision follows the Commission's previous approvals under the Railway Guidelines of other German schemes currently in force, which provide support to both rail passenger and freight operators (SA.110055) as well as schemes supporting specifically rail freight operators (SA.109540, SA.58046).

For More Information

The non-confidential version of the decision will be made available under the case number SA. 108800 in the State aid case register on the Commission's competition website once any confidentiality issues have been resolved. New publications of State aid decisions on the internet and in the Official Journal are listed in the Competition Weekly e-News.

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